Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Poster: Melacak Jejak Al-Razi Dalam Revolusi Kimia Islam
Abstract
Pembelajaran kimia di perguruan tinggi Indonesia masih didominasi pendekatan konvensional yang minim mengintegrasikan sejarah sains Islam, padahal aspek historis berperan penting dalam pengembangan literasi sains. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menguji efektivitas bahan ajar berbasis poster tentang kontribusi Al-Razi dalam perkembangan kimia. Menggunakan model pengembangan 4D dengan pendekatan mixed-method, penelitian melibatkan tiga validator ahli untuk menilai kelayakan produk dan 30 mahasiswa pendidikan kimia semester 3 sebagai subjek uji coba. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar validasi (α = 0.89), observasi pembelajaran (IRR = 0.85), angket respon (α = 0.87), dan tes hasil belajar (r = 0.78). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Produk poster pembelajaran mengintegrasikan konten sejarah Al-Razi dengan pendekatan konstruktivistik mendapatkan nilai kelayakan 88,3% (sangat layak), (2) Implementasi menghasilkan peningkatan pemahaman mahasiswa dengan N-gain 0,75 (kategori tinggi) dan effect size 1,24 (pengaruh kuat), serta (3) Respon positif mahasiswa mencapai 87,1% dengan aspek tertinggi pada kejelasan materi (88,5%). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis poster efektif dalam mengintegrasikan sejarah kimia Islam ke dalam pembelajaran dan meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap perkembangan sains.References
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Setia, A. (2007). Three meanings of Islamic science: toward operationalizing Islamization of science. Islam & Science, 5(1), 23–53.
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Taber, K. S., & Watts, M. (1997). Constructivism and concept learning in chemistry: Perspectives from a case study. Research in Education, 58(1), 10–20.
Thiagarajan, S. (1974). Instructional development for training teachers of exceptional children: A sourcebook.
Tibi, S. (2006). Al-Razi and Islamic medicine in the 9th century. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 99(4), 206–207.
Tubbs, R. S., Shoja, M. M., Loukas, M., & Oakes, W. J. (2007). Abubakr muhammad ibn zakaria razi, rhazes (865–925 AD). Child’s Nervous System, 23, 1225–1226.
Vachliotis, T., Salta, K., & Tzougraki, C. (2021). Developing basic systems thinking skills for deeper understanding of chemistry concepts in high school students. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100881.
Wandersee, J. H., & Griffard, P. B. (2006). The History of Chemistry: Potential and Actual Contributions to Chemical Education. Chemical Education: Towards Research-Based Practice, 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47977-x_2
Williams, D. P., & Karim, K. (2020). Inspirational chemists: A student conference activity to raise awareness of diversity and inclusion in the chemical sciences. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(11), 4039–4043.
Yeh, H.-T., & Cheng, Y.-C. (2010). The influence of the instruction of visual design principles on improving pre-service teachers’ visual literacy. Computers & Education, 54(1), 244–252.
Ahmed, J. O., Kakamad, K. K., Najmadden, Z. B., & Saeed, S. I. (2024). Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Al-Razi (Rhazes)(865-925): The Founder of the First Psychiatric Ward. Cureus, 16(7).
Ahmed, M. B., Ahsani, S. A., & Siddiqui, D. A. (2005). Muslim contributions to world civilization. International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT).
Alamin, T., Mujib, A., Sulaeman, M., & Nasution, A. (2024). Reception of the Integration of Islam and Science: A Case Study at Islamic Institute of Kediri. Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 35(1), 57–78.
Amr, S. S., & Tbakhi, A. (2007). Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Al Razi (Rhazes): Philosopher, Physician and Alchemist. Annals of Saudi Medicine, 27(4), 305–307.
Anjum, S. (2015). Al-Razi: A Distinguished Physician of the Medieval History: A Review of his Method and Influence. Revelation and Science, 5(2).
Arsyad, M., Mujahiddin, M., & Syakhrani, A. W. (2024). The Efficiency Of Using Visual Learning Media In Improving The Understanding Of Science Concepts In Elementary School Students. Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE), 4(3), 775–787.
Cooper, M. M., & Stowe, R. L. (2018). Chemistry education research—From personal empiricism to evidence, theory, and informed practice. Chemical Reviews, 118(12), 6053–6087.
Daghestani, A. N. (1997). al-Razi (Rhazes), 865–925. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(11), 1602.
de Berg, K. C. (2014). The Place of the History of Chemistry in the Teaching and Learning of Chemistry. International Handbook of Research in History, Philosophy and Science Teaching, 317–341.
Deuraseh, N. (2008). Risalat al-Biruni fi Fihrist Kutub al-Razi: A Comprehensive Bibliography of the Works of Abu Bakr al-Rāzī (D. 313 AH/925) and al-Birūni (D. 443/1051). Afkar: Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam, 9(1), 51–100.
Druart, T.-A. (1996). Al-Razi’s conception of the soul: psychological background to his ethics. Medieval Philosophy & Theology, 5(2), 245–263.
Eastwood, J. L., Sadler, T. D., Zeidler, D. L., Lewis, A., Amiri, L., & Applebaum, S. (2012). Contextualizing nature of science instruction in socioscientific issues. International Journal of Science Education, 34(15), 2289–2315.
Erduran, S. (2020). Science education in the era of a pandemic: How can history, philosophy and sociology of science contribute to education for understanding and solving the Covid-19 crisis? In Science & Education (Vol. 29, pp. 233–235). Springer.
Faulkes, Z. (2021). Better posters: plan, design and present an academic poster. Pelagic Publishing Ltd.
Ferrario, G. (2023). The Book on Alums and Salts of Pseudo-Rāzī: The Arabic and Hebrew Traditions. Ambix, 70(sup1), S1–S208.
Greenham, P. (2016). How Scientific was Islamic Science?: A case study in the alchemy of al-Razi. In Science and Religion (pp. 187–213). Routledge India.
Hajar, R. (2005). Al-Razi: Physician for all seasons. Heart Views, 6(1), 39–43.
Hansen-Schirra, S., & Maaß, C. (2020). Easy language, plain language, easy language plus: perspectives on comprehensibility and stigmatisation. Easy Language Research: Text and User Perspectives, 2, 17.
Holbrook, J., & Rannikmae, M. (2007). The nature of science education for enhancing scientific literacy. International Journal of Science Education, 29(11), 1347–1362.
Hussain, H. A., & Qasim, H. M. (2024). Contribution of Islamic Civilization to the Scientific Enterprise of the Modern World. Journal of Religious and Social Studies, 4(1 Jan-Jun), 1–15.
Karaman, H. (2011). Abu bakr al-razi (rhazes) and medical ethics. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(30), 77–87.
Lakhtakia, R. (2014). A trio of exemplars of medieval Islamic medicine: Al-Razi, Avicenna and Ibn Al-Nafis. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 14(4), e455.
Marfu’ah, S., Anwar, S., & Hendrawan, H. (2022). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Sistem Koloid Menggunakan Metode Four Steps Teaching Material Development. DWIJA CENDEKIA: Jurnal Riset Pedagogik, 6(3), 715–727.
Matthews, M. R. (2024). Thomas Kuhn and science education: Learning from the past and the importance of history and philosophy of science. Science & Education, 33(3), 609–678.
McComas, W. F., Clough, M. P., & Nouri, N. (2020). Nature of science and classroom practice: A review of the literature with implications for effective NOS instruction. Nature of Science in Science Instruction: Rationales and Strategies, 67–111.
McGregor, D. (2021). Stories from history: More authentic ways of thinking through acting and talking about science. Science and Drama: Contemporary and Creative Approaches to Teaching and Learning, 227–241.
Milanovic, V. D., & Trivic, D. D. (2022). Chemistry teachers’ views on the nature of science and history and philosophy of science. Journal of Education for Teaching, 48(1), 57–71.
Mitchell, D. G., Morris, J. A., Meredith, J. M., & Bishop, N. (2017). Chemistry infographics: experimenting with creativity and information literacy. In Liberal arts strategies for the chemistry classroom (pp. 113–131). ACS Publications.
Modanlou, H. D. (2008). A tribute to Zakariya Razi (865–925 AD), an Iranian pioneer scholar.
Navarro, F., Orlando, J., Vega-Retter, C., & Roth, A. D. (2022). Science writing in higher education: Effects of teaching self-assessment of scientific poster construction on writing quality and academic achievement. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 1–22.
Nikmah, U., & Jannah, M. (2024). Muslim Science Thought from The Perspective of Abu Bakr Muhammad Zakariya ar-Razi. AJMIE: Alhikam Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Education, 5(1), 1–13.
Osborne, J. (2013). The 21st century challenge for science education: Assessing scientific reasoning. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 10, 265–279.
Ries, K. R., & Mensinger, Z. L. (2021). Introducing diverse chemists in chemistry courses. Journal of Chemical Education, 99(1), 504–507.
Rossi, T., Slattery, F., & Richter, K. (2020). The evolution of the scientific poster: From eye-sore to eye-catcher. Medical Writing, 29, 36–40.
Setia, A. (2007). Three meanings of Islamic science: toward operationalizing Islamization of science. Islam & Science, 5(1), 23–53.
Straface, A. (2020). Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad ibn Zakarīyāʾ (Rhazes). In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy: Philosophy between 500 and 1500 (pp. 18–22). Springer.
Taber, K. S., & Watts, M. (1997). Constructivism and concept learning in chemistry: Perspectives from a case study. Research in Education, 58(1), 10–20.
Thiagarajan, S. (1974). Instructional development for training teachers of exceptional children: A sourcebook.
Tibi, S. (2006). Al-Razi and Islamic medicine in the 9th century. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 99(4), 206–207.
Tubbs, R. S., Shoja, M. M., Loukas, M., & Oakes, W. J. (2007). Abubakr muhammad ibn zakaria razi, rhazes (865–925 AD). Child’s Nervous System, 23, 1225–1226.
Vachliotis, T., Salta, K., & Tzougraki, C. (2021). Developing basic systems thinking skills for deeper understanding of chemistry concepts in high school students. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100881.
Wandersee, J. H., & Griffard, P. B. (2006). The History of Chemistry: Potential and Actual Contributions to Chemical Education. Chemical Education: Towards Research-Based Practice, 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47977-x_2
Williams, D. P., & Karim, K. (2020). Inspirational chemists: A student conference activity to raise awareness of diversity and inclusion in the chemical sciences. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(11), 4039–4043.
Yeh, H.-T., & Cheng, Y.-C. (2010). The influence of the instruction of visual design principles on improving pre-service teachers’ visual literacy. Computers & Education, 54(1), 244–252.
Published
2025-01-30
How to Cite
Marfu’ah, S. (2025). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Poster: Melacak Jejak Al-Razi Dalam Revolusi Kimia Islam. Entalpi Pendidikan Kimia, 5(3), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.24036/epk.v6i1.489
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